Usoro Polypropylene (PP) UL94 V0 na V2 nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ

Usoro Polypropylene (PP) UL94 V0 na V2 nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ

Polypropylene (PP) bụ polima thermoplastic nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe nke ukwuu, mana ike ire ọkụ ya na-egbochi ojiji ya n'ebe ụfọdụ. Iji mezuo ihe dị iche iche achọrọ maka ire ọkụ (dịka ọkwa UL94 V0 na V2), enwere ike itinye ihe mgbochi ọkụ iji mee ka PP dịkwuo mma. N'okpuru ebe a bụ okwu mmalite zuru ezu gbasara usoro PP nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ maka ọkwa UL94 V0 na V2, gụnyere nhọrọ retardant ọkụ, nhazi usoro, usoro nhazi, na nnwale arụmọrụ.

1. Okwu Mmalite nke UL94 Ọkwa Nkwụsị Ọkụ

UL94 bụ ọkọlọtọ ire ọkụ nke Underwriters Laboratories (UL) mepụtara iji nyochaa iguzogide ire ọkụ nke ihe plastik. Nlele ndị a na-ahụkarị maka ire ọkụ gụnyere:

• V0: Ọkwa kachasị elu nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ, nke chọrọ ka ihe nlele gbanyụọ onwe ha n'ime sekọnd iri na ule ọkụ kwụ ọtọ na-enweghị ịgba owu ọkụ na-asọpụta.
• V2: Ọkwa mbelata ire ọkụ, nke na-enye ohere ka ihe nlele gbanyụọ onwe ha n'ime sekọnd 30 n'ime ule ọkụ kwụ ọtọ ma na-ekwe ka mmiri na-asọpụta nke nwere ike ịgba owu.

2. Usoro PP V0 nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ

PP V0 nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ chọrọ ezigbo nguzogide ire ọkụ, nke a na-enwetakarị site na itinye ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ dị elu na imeziwanye usoro ahụ.

2.1 Nhọrọ nke ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ

• Ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ Brominated: Dịka decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDPO) na tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), nke na-enye arụmọrụ dị elu mana ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị adị mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi.
• Ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ nke sitere na phosphorus: Dịka ammonium polyphosphate (APP) na red phosphorus, nke na-eme ka gburugburu ebe obibi dịkwuo mma ma dịkwa irè karị.
• Ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-enwu enwu (IFR): Ọ nwere isi iyi asịd, isi iyi carbon, na isi iyi gas, na-enye ohere maka ire ọkụ na gburugburu ebe obibi ma dị irè.
• Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) ma ọ bụ Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃): Ihe mgbochi ire ọkụ na-adịghị mma nke na-anaghị emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi, mana achọrọ ọkwa ibu dị elu.

2.2 Usoro nkịtị

• PP Resin: 100phr (site na ibu, otu ihe ahụ dị n'okpuru).
• Ọkụ na-adịgide adịgide (IFR): 20–30 nke ụtụtụ.
• Magnesium Hydroxide: 10–20 nke ụtụtụ.
• Ihe Mgbochi Mbelata Mmiri: 0.5–1 phr (dịka ọmụmaatụ, polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE).
• Mmanụ mmanụ: 0.5–1 phr (dịka ọmụmaatụ, zinc stearate).
• Ọgwụ mgbochi oxidant: 0.2–0.5 phr.

2.3 Usoro Nhazi

• Ngwakọta: Jiri otu olu gwakọta resin PP, ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ, na ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ n'ime igwekota ngwa ngwa.
• Mgbakwunye na Mkpụchapu: Jiri ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe na 180–220°C iji mepụta pellets.
• Ọgwụ ịkpụzi: Jiri igwe eji agba ntụtụ mee ka mkpụrụ osisi ndị ahụ bụrụ ihe nlele nnwale.

2.4 Nnwale Arụmọrụ

• Ule Ọkụ Vertical UL94: Ihe nlele ga-emezu ihe achọrọ maka V0 (a ga-emenyụ onwe ya n'ime sekọnd 10, enweghị ọkụ owu site na ntapụ mmiri).
• Nnwale Njirimara Mekaniki: Nyochaa ike nrụgide, ike mmetụta, wdg, iji hụ na arụmọrụ ihe ruru ihe achọrọ maka ngwa.

3. Nhazi PP nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ V2

PP V2 nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ nwere obere ihe achọrọ maka iguzogide ire ọkụ ma enwere ike nweta ya site na ibu dị nro nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ.

3.1 Nhọrọ nke ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ

• Ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ Brominated: Dịka DBDPO ma ọ bụ TBBPA, ọ chọrọ naanị obere ego iji nweta V2.
• Ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ nke sitere na phosphorus: Dịka phosphorus uhie ma ọ bụ phosphates, ha na-enye ngwọta ndị na-adịghị ize ndụ gburugburu ebe obibi.
• Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) ma ọ bụ Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃): Ọ dị mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi mana ọ chọrọ ibu dị elu.

3.2 Usoro nkịtị

• PP Resin: 100pr.
• Ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ Brominated: 5–10p.
• Antimony Trioxide (Sb₂O₃): 2–3phr (dịka onye na-eme ihe n'otu oge).
• Ihe Mgbochi Mbelata Mmiri: 0.5–1 phr (dịka ọmụmaatụ, PTFE).
• Mmanụ mmanụ: 0.5–1 phr (dịka ọmụmaatụ, zinc stearate).
• Ọgwụ mgbochi oxidant: 0.2–0.5 phr.

3.3 Usoro Nhazi

• Otu ihe ahụ dị ka nhazi ọkwa V0 (agwakọta, extrusion, ịkpụzi injection).

3.4 Nnwale Arụmọrụ

• Ule Ọkụ Vertical UL94: Ihe nlele ga-emezu ihe achọrọ maka V2 (ikpochapụ onwe ya n'ime sekọnd 30, a na-ekwe ka mmiri na-asọpụta).
• Nnwale Njirimara Mekaniki: Hụ na arụmọrụ ihe ahụ ruru mkpa ngwa.

4. Ntụnyere n'etiti Usoro V0 na V2

4.1 Ibuli ihe mgbochi ire ọkụ

• V0 chọrọ ibu dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, 20–30phr IFR ma ọ bụ 10–20phr Mg(OH)₂).
• V2 chọrọ obere ibu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe na-egbochi ọkụ brominated nke 5-10phr).

4.2 Arụmọrụ Nkwụsị Ọkụ

• V0 na-enye ike iguzogide ọkụ dị elu maka ihe ndị siri ike.

4.3 Njirimara Mechanical

• Usoro V0 nwere ike imetụta ihe ndị dị na igwe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ike mmetụta, ike nrụgide) n'ihi ọdịnaya mgbakwunye dị elu.
• Usoro V2 enweghị mmetụta dị ukwuu na arụmọrụ igwe.

4.4 Mmetụta Gburugburu Ebe Obibi

• Usoro V0 na-ejikarị ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, IFR, Mg(OH)₂).
• Usoro V2 nwere ike iji ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ brominated, nke na-adịghị mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi.

5. Ndụmọdụ maka Nhazi Nhazi

5.1 Njikọta nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ

• Ijikọta ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ dị iche iche (dịka ọmụmaatụ, IFR + Mg(OH)₂, brominated + Sb₂O₃) nwere ike ime ka ire ọkụ ghara ịdị irè ma belata ibu.

5.2 Mgbanwe Elu

• Ịgbanwe ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-adịghị n'ime ahụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Mg(OH)₂, Al(OH)₃) na-eme ka ndakọrịta na PP dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka njirimara igwe dịkwuo mma.

5.3 Nhazi Nhazi

• Ijikwa paramita extrusion/injection (okpomọkụ, nrụgide, ọsọ skru) na-eme ka mgbasa dị otu ma gbochie mmebi.

6. Mmechi

Nhazi nke usoro PP nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ V0 na V2 dabere na ihe achọrọ maka iguzogide ire ọkụ na ọnọdụ ngwa.

• Usoro V0A na-ejikarị ihe ndị na-ebelata ire ọkụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, IFR, Mg(OH)₂) na njikọta kachasị mma iji mezuo ụkpụrụ siri ike.
• Usoro V2nwere ike ime ka ire ọkụ ghara ịdị irè site na iji obere ihe mgbakwunye (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ brominated).

N'ọrụ bara uru, ihe ndị dị ka iguzogide ire ọkụ, arụmọrụ igwe, mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, na ọnụ ahịa ga-adị mma iji mee ka usoro nhazi na usoro nhazi dịkwuo mma.

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