Okwu Mmalite nke ihe ndị na-egbochi ọkụ dabere na Nitrogen maka Naịlọn

Okwu Mmalite nke ihe ndị na-egbochi ọkụ dabere na Nitrogen maka Naịlọn

Ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ nke dabere na nitrogen bụ obere nsí, enweghị ire ere, nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ na UV, ezigbo arụmọrụ na-egbochi ire ọkụ, na arụmọrụ ọnụ ahịa. Agbanyeghị, ihe ndọghachi azụ ha gụnyere nsogbu nhazi na mgbasa na-adịghị mma na matrix polymer. Ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ nke dabere na nitrogen maka naịlọn gụnyere MCA (melamine cyanurate), melamine, na MPP (melamine polyphosphate).

Usoro mgbochi ire ọkụ gụnyere akụkụ abụọ:

1. Usoro Anụ Ahụ nke "Sublimation na Endothermic": Ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-ebelata okpomọkụ elu nke ihe polymer ma na-ekewapụ ya site na ikuku site na sublimation na nnabata okpomọkụ.
2. Usoro Katalytic Carbonization na Intumescent System n'oge Condensed Phase: Ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-emekọrịta ihe na naịlọn, na-akwalite kabonation kpọmkwem na mgbasawanye.

MCA na-egosipụta ọrụ abụọ n'usoro mgbochi ire ọkụ, na-akwalite ma carbonization na ụfụfụ. Usoro mgbochi ire ọkụ na arụmọrụ ya dị iche iche dabere na ụdị naịlọn. Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara MCA na MPP na PA6 na PA66 na-ekpughe na ihe mgbochi ire ọkụ ndị a na-akpali njikọ na PA66 mana na-akwalite mmebi na PA6, na-eme ka arụmọrụ mgbochi ire ọkụ ka mma na PA66 karịa na PA66.

1. Melamine Cyanurate (MCA)

A na-emepụta MCA site na melamine na cyanuric acid n'ime mmiri, na-emepụta ihe e ji hydrogen jikọta. Ọ bụ ezigbo ihe na-egbochi ọkụ halogen, obere nsí, na obere anwụrụ ọkụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na polima naịlọn. Agbanyeghị, MCA ọdịnala nwere ebe agbaze dị elu (na-ere ere ma na-agbada n'elu 400°C) ma enwere ike ịgwakọta ya na resins n'ụdị irighiri ihe siri ike, na-eduga na mgbasa na-adịghị mma na nnukwu nha irighiri ihe, nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ na-egbochi ọkụ. Na mgbakwunye, MCA na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na usoro gas, na-ebute obere mmepụta ọkụ na oyi akwa carbon na-adịghị echebe n'oge ọkụ.

Iji dozie nsogbu ndị a, ejirila teknụzụ ihe mejupụtara molekul gbanwee MCA site n'iwebata ihe mgbakwunye na-egbochi ire ọkụ (WEX), nke na-ebelata ebe agbaze nke MCA, na-eme ka ịgbaze co-agbaze na mgbasa dị mma nke ukwuu na PA6. WEX na-emekwa ka nhazi char dịkwuo mma n'oge ọkụ, na-eme ka mma nke oyi akwa carbon dịkwuo mma ma na-eme ka mmetụta nke MCA na-egbochi ire ọkụ sie ike, si otú a na-emepụta ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ na arụmọrụ dị mma.

2. Ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ (IFR)

IFR bụ sistemụ dị mkpa nke na-anaghị ere ọkụ nke na-enweghị halogen. Uru ya karịa ihe ndị na-egbochi ọkụ nke na-anaghị ere ọkụ nke na-anaghị ere ọkụ nke na-agụnye obere mwepụta anwụrụ ọkụ na mwepụta gas na-anaghị egbu egbu n'oge ọkụ. Ọzọkwa, oyi akwa chaja nke IFR mepụtara nwere ike ịmịkọrọ polymer gbazere agbaze, nke na-ere ọkụ, na-egbochi ntapụ mmiri na mgbasa ọkụ.

Isi ihe dị mkpa nke IFR gụnyere:

• Isi iyi gas (ihe ndị sitere na melamine)
• Isi iyi asịd (ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ phosphorus-nitrogen)
• Isi iyi kabọn (naịlọn n'onwe ya)
• Ihe mgbakwunye synergistic (dịka ọmụmaatụ, zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide) na ihe ndị na-egbochi ntapụ mmiri.

Mgbe oke oke nke ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ phosphorus-nitrogen na ihe ndị dabere na melamine bụ:

• N'okpuru 1%: Mmetụta na-adịghị mma nke ire ọkụ.
• Karịa 30%: Mgbanwe na-eme n'oge nhazi.
• N'etiti 1%–30% (karịsịa 7%–20%): Arụmọrụ kachasị mma nke na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-enweghị mmetụta na nhazi.

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