Okwu Mmalite nke Nylọn ọkụ dabere na Nitrogen

Okwu Mmalite nke Nylọn ọkụ dabere na Nitrogen

A na-eji ihe ndị na-ere ọkụ na-eme ka Nitrogen na-egbu egbu dị ala, adịghị emebi emebi, okpomọkụ na nkwụsi ike UV, ezigbo ọkụ na-ere ọkụ, na ọnụ ahịa. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndọghachi azụ ha gụnyere ihe isi ike nhazi na mgbasa ozi na-adịghị mma na matrix polymer. Ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-ejikarị nitrogen eme ihe maka naịlọn gụnyere MCA (melamine cyanurate), melamine, na MPP (melamine polyphosphate).

Usoro nke na-ere ọkụ na-agụnye akụkụ abụọ:

1. "Sublimation na Endothermic" Mechanism Anụ ahụ: Ọkụ ọkụ na-ebelata okpomọkụ nke ihe polymer ma kewapụ ya na ikuku site na sublimation na ikpo ọkụ.
2. Carbonization Catalytic na Intumescent Mechanism na Usoro Mgbakọ: Ọkụ ọkụ na-emekọ ihe na nylon, na-akwalite carbonization na mgbasawanye.

MCA na-egosipụta ọrụ abụọ n'ime ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ, na-akwalite ma carbonization na ụfụfụ. Usoro na-egbochi ire ọkụ na ịdị irè dịgasị iche dabere n'ụdị naịlọn. Nnyocha e mere na MCA na MPP na PA6 na PA66 na-ekpughe na ndị na-ere ọkụ na-eme ka ndị mmadụ na-emekọrịta ihe na PA66 ma na-akwalite mmebi na PA6, na-ebute ịrụ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ na PA66 karịa na PA6.

1. Melamine Cyanurate (MCA)

A na-emepụta MCA site na melamine na cyanuric acid n'ime mmiri, na-akpụ njikọ nke hydrogen. Ọ bụ ọmarịcha halogen na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla, nke na-adịghị egbu egbu, yana ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke a na-ejikarị na polymers nylon. Otú ọ dị, MCA omenala nwere ebe mgbaze dị elu (decomposing na sublimating n'elu 400°C) na enwere ike jikọta ya na resins n'ụdị akụkụ siri ike, na-eduga na mgbasa ozi na-enweghị isi na nnukwu akụkụ, nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ ọkụ na-adịghị mma. Na mgbakwunye, MCA na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara gas, na-ebute nguzobe cha cha dị ala na nke na-adịghị echekwa carbon n'oge ọkụ.

Iji lebara okwu ndị a anya, ejirila teknụzụ kọmpụta molekụla arụ ọrụ iji gbanwee MCA site na iwebata mgbakwunye ire ọkụ na-emekọ ihe (WEX), nke na-eweda ebe mgbaze nke MCA, na-enye ohere ịgbaze na mgbasa nke ọma na PA6. WEX na-akwalitekwa cha cha n'oge combustion, na-emeziwanye ogo nke oyi akwa carbon ma na-ewusi mmetụta na-egbochi ire ọkụ nke MCA ike, si otú ahụ na-emepụta ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ na arụmọrụ dị mma.

2. Ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ (IFR)

IFR bụ usoro ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-enweghị halogen. Uru ya karịa ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ halogenated gụnyere obere anwụrụ ọkụ na mwepụta gas na-adịghị egbu egbu n'oge ọkụ. Ọzọkwa, char oyi akwa nke IFR mebere nwere ike ịmịnye a wụrụ awụ, polymer na-ere ọkụ, na-egbochi ntapu na ịgbasa ọkụ.

Ihe ndị dị mkpa nke IFR gụnyere:

• Isi iyi gas (ihe ndị sitere na melamine)
• Acid isi iyi (phosphorus-nitrogen ire ọkụ retardants)
• Isi iyi carbon (nylon n'onwe ya)
• Ihe mgbakwunye mmekọrịta (dịka ọmụmaatụ, zinc borate, aluminium hydroxide) na ihe mgbochi mmiri.

Mgbe oke nke phosphorus-nitrogen ire ere retardants na ogige melamine bụ:

• N'okpuru 1%: Mmetụta na-egbochi ire ọkụ ezughi oke.
• Karịrị 30%: Volatilite na-eme n'oge nhazi.
• N'etiti 1%-30% (ọkachasị 7%-20%): arụmọrụ kacha mma na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-enweghị emetụta nhazi.

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