Usoro Mwepụ na Mgbasa nke Ihe Mgbochi Ọkụ Siri Ike na Sistemụ Mgbakwunye Polyurethane AB

Usoro Mwepụ na Mgbasa nke Ihe Mgbochi Ọkụ Siri Ike na Sistemụ Mgbakwunye Polyurethane AB

Maka ịgbasa/ịgbasa ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ siri ike dịka aluminum hypophosphite (AHP), aluminum hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, na melamine cyanurate (MCA) na sistemụ polyurethane AB, usoro ndị dị mkpa gụnyere ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo, mgbasa nke usoro nzọụkwụ, na njikwa mmiri siri ike. N'okpuru ebe a bụ usoro zuru ezu (maka usoro ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ dị elu; enwere ike ịgbanwe usoro ndị ọzọ dịka o kwesịrị).

I. Ụkpụrụ Ndị Dị Mkpa

1. "Mgbasa" bụ mgbasa: A ga-agbasa ihe mgbochi ọkụ siri ike n'otu ụzọ ahụ n'ime polyol (A-component) iji mepụta nkwụsịtụ kwụsiri ike.
2. Ọgwụgwọ tupu e jiri isocyanates gwọọ ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ: Dozie nsogbu nke mmịpụta mmiri, njikọta, na mmeghachi omume.
3. Mgbakwunye nzọụkwụ: Tinye ihe ndị ahụ n'usoro njupụta na nha irighiri ihe iji zere oke njupụta mpaghara.
4. Njikwa mmiri siri ike: Mmiri na-eri isocyanate (-NCO) dị na B-component, nke na-eme ka ọ ghara ịgwọ ọrịa nke ọma.

II. Usoro Ọrụ Zuru Ezu (Dabere na akụkụ 100 nke polyol dị na ihe mejupụtara A)

Nzọụkwụ nke 1: Ọgwụgwọ maka ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ tupu oge eruo (awa 24 tupu oge eruo)

• Aluminom Hypophosphite (AHP, akụkụ iri):
  • Mkpuchi elu ya na ihe njikọ silane (KH-550) ma ọ bụ ihe njikọ titanate (NDZ-201):
    • Gwakọta ihe njikọta nke akụkụ 0.5 + akụkụ abụọ nke ethanol na-anaghị agbaze mmiri, gwakọta ya maka nkeji iri maka hydrolysis.
    • Tinye ntụ ntụ AHP ma gwakọta ya na ọsọ dị elu (1000 rpm) maka nkeji iri abụọ.
    • Kpoo ya n'ime oven na okpomọkụ nke 80°C ruo awa abụọ, wee chekwaa ya n'ime akpa.
• Aluminom Hydroxide (ATH, akụkụ 25):
  • Jiri ATH nke nha ya bụ submicron, nke a gbanwere site na silane (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Wandu WD-WF-20). Ọ bụrụ na agbanweghị ya, jiri ya mee ihe dịka AHP.
• MCA (akụkụ isii) na Zinc Borate (akụkụ anọ):
  • Kpoo ya na okpomọkụ nke 60°C ruo awa anọ iji wepụ mmiri mmiri, wee jiri ihe mkpuchi 300-mesh kpuchie ya.

Nzọụkwụ nke 2: Usoro Mgbasa nke A-Component (Polyol Side)

1. Ngwakọta Ntọala:
   • Tinye akụkụ polyol 100 (dịka ọmụmaatụ, polyether polyol PPG) n'ime akpa kpọrọ nkụ.
   • Tinye akụkụ 0.3 nke ihe na-eme ka polysiloxane leveling nke polyether gbanwere agbanwe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, BYK-333).
2. Mgbasa Ozi Tupu Ọsọ Dị Ala:
   • Tinye ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ n'usoro: ATH (akụkụ 25) → AHP (akụkụ 10) → zinc borate (akụkụ 4) → MCA (akụkụ 6).
   • Gwakọta ya na 300-500 rpm maka nkeji iri ruo mgbe ntụ ntụ akọrọ agaghị afọdụ.
3. Mgbasa nke Ịkpụcha Elu:
   • Gbanwee gaa na ihe mgbasa ozi dị elu (≥1500 rpm) maka nkeji iri atọ.
   • Okpomọkụ njikwa ≤50°C (iji gbochie oxidation polyol).
4. Ịgweri na Ịmeziwanye (Nnukwu!):
   • Gafee igwe ihe eji agbagharị atọ ma ọ bụ igwe ihe eji agbagharị nkata ugboro abụọ ruo atọ ruo mgbe ọ ga-adị mma ≤30μm (anwalere ya site na Hegman gauge).
5. Ndozi na Mwepụ Viscosity:
   • Tinye akụkụ 0.5 nke hydrophobic fumed silica (Aerosil R202) iji gbochie ịda.
   • Tinye akụkụ 0.2 nke silicone defoamer (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Tego Airex 900).
   • Gwakọta na 200 rpm maka nkeji iri na ise maka iwepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị mkpa.

Nzọụkwụ nke 3: Ọgwụgwọ B-Component (Akụkụ Isocyanate)

• Tinye akụkụ anọ ruo isii nke ihe e ji kpụọ molekul (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Zeochem 3A) na ihe B-component (dịka ọmụmaatụ, MDI prepolymer) maka ịmịkọrọ mmiri.
• Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ phosphorus mmiri mmiri (nhọrọ viscosity dị ala), gwakọta ya ozugbo n'ime ihe B ma gwakọta ya maka nkeji iri.

Nzọụkwụ nke 4: Ịgwakọta na Ịgwọta Ihe AB

• Oke ngwakọta: Soro nhazi AB mbụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, A:B = 100:50).
• Usoro ịgwakọta:
  • Jiri igwekota ihe nke nwere akụkụ abụọ ma ọ bụ tube ngwakọta ihe nke nwere akụkụ atọ.
  • Gwakọta ya maka nkeji 2-3 ruo mgbe ọ ga-adị ka otu (anaghị etinye eriri).
• Ọnọdụ ọgwụgwọ:
  • Ịgwọ okpomọkụ ụlọ: awa 24 (agbatịwo site na 30% n'ihi nnabata okpomọkụ na-egbochi ire ọkụ).
  • Ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa: 60°C/awa 2 (a ga-eji ya mee ihe maka nsonaazụ na-enweghị afụ).

III. Isi Ihe Njikwa Usoro Isi

IV. Ụzọ Mgbasa Ozi Ọzọ (Na-enweghị Ngwa Ngweri)

1. Ọgwụgwọ tupu e jiri bọọlụ egwe ọka:
   • Gwakọta ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ na polyol na nha 1: 1, igwe ihe eji egwu bọọlụ maka awa anọ (bọọlụ zirconia, nha 2mm).
2. Usoro nhazi ukwu:
   • Kwadebe ihe eji eme ka ọkụ ghara ịdị irè nke 50% (polyol dị ka ihe na-ebu ya), wee gwakọta ya tupu e jiri ya.
3. Mgbasa Ultrasonic:
   • Tinye ultrasonication (20kHz, 500W, nkeji iri) na slurry agwakọtara (dabara maka obere ogbe).

V. Ndụmọdụ Mmejuputa

1. Nnwale obere ihe mbụ: Nwalee ya na 100g nke ihe A-component, na-elekwasị anya na nkwụsi ike nke viscosity (mgbanwe awa 24 <10%) na ọsọ ọgwụgwọ.
2. Iwu usoro mgbakwunye nke ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ:
   • "Ọ dị arọ mbụ, ọ dị mfe ma emechaa; ọ dị mma ma emechaa, ọ dị nro ma emechaa" → ATH (ọ dị arọ) → AHP (ọ dị mma) → zinc borate (ọ dị ọkara) → MCA (ọ dị mfe/ọ dị nro).
3. Nchọpụta nsogbu mberede:
   • Mmụba na mberede nke viscosity: Tinye 0.5% propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) iji gwakọta ya.
   • Ọgwụgwọ adịghị mma: Tinye 5% nke MDI agbanwere agbanwe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Wanhua PM-200) na ihe mejupụtara B.