Ihe ndị na-eme ka ọkụ na-eme ka phosphorus bụ ụdị ọkụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ dị elu, nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ nke dọtara mmasị dị ukwuu site n'aka ndị nchọpụta. Emeela ihe ndị dị ịrịba ama na nhazi na ntinye ha.
1. Ngwa nke ndị na-ere ọkụ na-adabere na phosphorus na PP
Njirimara anụ ahụ nke polypropylene (PP) na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na ngwa mmepụta ya. Agbanyeghị, ọnụọgụ oxygen ya pere mpe (LOI) dị naanị ihe dịka 17.5%, na-eme ka ọ na-ere ọkụ nke ukwuu site na oke ọkụ. Uru nke ihe PP na ngwa mmepụta ihe na-emetụta ma ire ọkụ ha na ihe anụ ahụ. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, microencapsulation na ngbanwe elu aghọwo ihe ndị bụ isi na ihe ndị na-ere ọkụ na-eme ka ọkụ PP.
Ihe Nlereanya 1: Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) gbanwere site na onye na-ahụ maka njikọ njikọ silane (KH-550) na ngwọta silicone resin ethanol ka etinyere na ihe PP. Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke APP gbanwetụrụ ruru 22%, LOI nke ihe ahụ mụbara ruo 30.5%, ebe ihe eji arụ ọrụ ya mezuru ihe achọrọ wee pụta karịa ihe PP na-ere ọkụ na APP na-agbanweghị agbanwe.
Ọmụmaatụ 2: Edebere APP n'ime shei melamine (MEL), mmanụ silicone hydroxyl, na resin formaldehyde site na in-situ polymerization. A na-ejikọta microcapsules na pentaerythritol ma tinye ya na ihe PP maka ire ọkụ. Ngwa ahụ gosipụtara ezigbo ire ọkụ, yana LOI nke 32% yana akara ule ọkụ kwụ ọtọ nke UL94 V-0. Ọbụlagodi mgbe ọgwụgwọ imikpu mmiri ọkụ gasịrị, ihe mejupụtara ahụ jigidere ire ọkụ na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa.
Ihe Nlereanya 3: A gbanwere APP site na ikpuchi ya na aluminum hydroxide (ATH), na APP gbanwere na dipentaerythritol na oke oke nke 2.5: 1 maka iji ya na ihe PP. Mgbe ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ bụ 25%, LOI ruru 31.8%, ogo nkwụghachi ọkụ ahụ nwetara V-0, na ọnụ ọgụgụ mwepụta okpomọkụ kacha elu belatara nke ukwuu.
2. Ngwa nke ndị na-ere ọkụ na-adabere na Phosphorus na PS
Polystyrene (PS) na-ere ọkụ nke ukwuu ma na-aga n'ihu na-ere ọkụ mgbe ewepụsịrị isi mmalite mgbanye. Iji dozie okwu ndị dị ka ntọhapụ okpomọkụ dị elu na ọkụ ọkụ na-agbasa ngwa ngwa, ndị na-ere ọkụ na-adabere na halogen na-enweghị halogen na-arụ ọrụ dị egwu na nkwụsị ọkụ PS. Ụzọ na-egbochi ire ọkụ na-emekarị maka PS gụnyere mkpuchi, impregnation, brushing, na polymerization-stage ire ere.
Ọmụmatụ 1: A na-emepụta ihe nrapado nwere ọkụ nwere phosphorus maka PS nwere ike gbasaa site na usoro sol-gel site na iji N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane na phosphoric acid. A na-akwadebe ụfụfụ PS nke na-ere ọkụ site na iji usoro mkpuchi. Mgbe okpomọkụ ahụ gafere 700ºC, ụfụfụ PS ejiri nrapado mesoo oyi akwa cha cha gafere 49%.
Ndị na-eme nchọpụta n'ụwa niile ewebatala ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ nwere phosphorus n'ime ogige vinyl ma ọ bụ acrylic, bụ́ ndị a na-ejizi styrene megharịa ya iji mepụta ihe ọhụrụ phosphorus nwere styrene copolymers. Nnyocha na-egosi na atụnyere PS dị ọcha, ndị nwere styrene copolymers nwere phosphorus na-egosipụta nke ọma LOI na char residue, na-egosi nkwụsi ike dị elu na ọkụ ọkụ.
Ọmụmaatụ 2: A nyadokwa vinyl kwụsịrị oligomeric phosphate hybrid macromonomer (VOPP) n'ime agbụ isi PS site na copolymerization graft. Copolymer graft ahụ gosipụtara ire ọkụ site na usoro siri ike. Ka ọdịnaya VOPP na-abawanye, LOI bilitere, ọnụ ọgụgụ ntọhapụ okpomọkụ kacha elu na mkpokọta okpomọkụ na-ebelata, na mgbaze na-agbaze na-apụ n'anya, na-egosipụta mmetụta dị egwu na-ere ọkụ.
Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ijikọ ọkụ retardants nke sitere na phosphorus nke inorganic na graphite ma ọ bụ ihe na-egbochi ire ọkụ sitere na nitrogen maka ojiji na ire ọkụ PS. Enwere ike iji ụzọ mkpuchi ma ọ bụ ịsa ahịhịa tinye ihe ndị na-egbochi ire ọkụ sitere na phosphorus na PS, na-emeziwanye LOI na ihe fọdụrụ na char.
3. Ngwa nke ndị na-ere ọkụ dabere na Phosphorus na PA
Polyamide (PA) na-ere ọkụ nke ukwuu ma na-emepụta nnukwu anwụrụ ọkụ n'oge ọkụ. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-ejikarị PA eme ihe na ngwa elektrọn na akụrụngwa, ihe ize ndụ nke ihe egwu ọkụ dị oke njọ. N'ihi usoro amide dị na agbụ ya bụ isi, PA nwere ike ịgbachitere ọkụ site na iji ụzọ dị iche iche, yana ma mgbakwunye na retardants ire ọkụ na-egosipụta nke ọma. N'ime PAs na-ere ọkụ, nnu alkyl phosphinate bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.
Ihe Nlereanya 1: Aluminom isobutylphosphinate (A-MBPa) agbakwunyere na matrix PA6 iji kwadebe ihe mejupụtara. N'oge ule retardancy ọkụ, A-MBPa rere tupu PA6, na-akpụ akwa cha cha kwụsiri ike nke chekwara PA6. Ngwa ahụ nwetara LOI nke 26.4% yana ọkwa nkwụghachi ọkụ nke V-0.
Ọmụmaatụ 2: N'oge polymerization nke hexamethylenediamine na adipic acid, 3 wt% nke ire ere retardant bis (2-carboxyethyl) methylphosphine oxide (CEMPO) ka agbakwunyere na-emepụta ire ọkụ-retardant PA66. Nnyocha gosiri na PA66 na-ere ọkụ gosipụtara nkwụghachi ọkụ dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere PA66, yana LOI dị elu nke ukwuu. Nyocha nke oyi akwa cha cha gosiri na nnukwu cha cha nke PA66 nwere oghere dị iche iche, bụ nke nyere aka kewapụ okpomọkụ na ikuku gas, na-egosipụta arụmọrụ ọkụ na-enweghị atụ.
More info., pls contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-15-2025
